-logy英语原文释义、词形变化、词源和词汇关系

英文释义

后缀

A branch of learning; a study of a particular subject. morpheme,uncountable,usually

— Examples: biology, geology, genealogy
Speech, or a way of speaking, a narrative, logical discourse. morpheme,uncountable,usually

— Examples: haplology, eulogy, trilogy, apology

词形变化

-logies plural -ology alternative

词汇关系

衍生词

acarology acridology actinobiology actinology addictology adenology aerobiology aerogeology aerology aeropalynology aesthesiophysiology aetiology agnatology agnoiology agnotology agrobiology agrobiotechnology agroecology agrohydrology agrology agrostology aitiology alcohology alethiology alethology algesiology algology allergology amphibiology anaesthesiology anaplastology andrology anesthesiology angelology angiocardiology angiology angiopathology anthropobiology anthropology anthrozoology aphasiology apidology apiology arachnology arbovirology archaeology archaeomalacology archaeozoology archeology archeomalacology archeozoology arcology areology aretalogy arteriology arthrology arthropodology Assyriology asteroseismology astrobiology astrogeology astrology astroseismology astrotheology atmology atomology audiology autecology auxology axiology bacteriology balneology baraminology benthology bioarchaeology biocenology bioclimatology biocoenology bioecology biology biometeorology biomusicology biomythology biopharmacology biophysiology biopsychology biosociology biotechnology biotoxicology boxology brachylogy bromatology bronchoesophagology bronchology bronchooesophagology brontology brontotheology bryology bryotechnology bryozoology Buddhology cacology campanology cardioangiology cardiology cardiovasology cariology carphology carpology cecidiology cecidology cereology cetology characterology cheirology chelonology chemoecology chirology choreology chorology chresmology Christology chronobiology chronology chronopharmacology cirripedology climatology codicology codology cohomology coleopterology coloproctology comitology communicology communioecclesiology communio-ecclesiology conchology coniology contactology coprology cosmetology cosmobiology cosmochronology cosmogeology cosmology cosmotheology craniology criminology criteriology crustaceology cryobiology cryology cryotechnology cryptology cryptozoology culturology cynology cytohistology cytology cytomorphology cytopathology cytophysiology dactylology decalogy deltiology demonology dendroarchaeology dendroarcheology dendrochronology dendroclimatology dendrology deontology dermatology dermatopathology dermatovenerology desmology diabetology dialectology dianoiology diatomology dietology dipterology dittology docimology dosology doxology dracology draconology dracontology dramatology dysteleology ecclesiology eccrinology echinodermology echocardiology ecoclimatology ecohydrology ecology ecomorphology ecopedology ecophysiology ecopsychology ecotechnology ecotoxicology ecotrophology edaphology Egyptology eidology electropathology electrophysiology electrotechnology embryology emetology encephalology endocrinology endodontology endourology enigmatology enology enterology entomology environtology enzymology epeirology epidemiology epidemology epileptology epiphytology epistemology epizootiology escapology eschatology esophagology Esperantology esthesiophysiology ethicotheology ethnoarchaeology ethnoarcheology ethnoecology ethnology ethnomethodology ethnomusicology ethnoorganology ethno-organology ethnopharmacology ethnopsychology ethology etiology Etruscology etymology exobiology exogeology exomorphology fetology fornicology Francology futurology galactology garbageology garbology gastroenterology gastrology gelotology gemellology geminology gemmology gemology genealogy genecology geoarchaeology geoarcheology geobiology geochronology geocryology geoecology geohydrology geology geomicrobiology geomorphology geopathology geopedology geotechnology geratology gerodontology gerontology glaciology glossology glottochronology glottology glycobiology gnathology gnoseology graminology grammatology graphology gynaecology gynecology haematology haematopathology haemostaseology hagiology hamartiology hamartology haplology helcology heliology helioseismology helminthology hematology hematopathology hemostaseology henology hepato-gastroenterology hepatogastroenterology hepatology heptalogy herbology heresiology herpetology heterology heteropterology hexalogy hippology histology histomorphology histopathology historiology histotechnology Hittitology hodology holomorphology hominology homoiology homology horology humorology hydrobiology hydroecology hydrogeology hydrology hydrometeorology hydromicrobiology hydromorphology hymenopterology hymnology hypnology iatroastrology iatrotheology ichnology ichthyology ichthyotheology iconology ideology imageology imagology imamology immunobiology immunocytology immunodermatology immunohaematology immunohematology immunohistology immunology immunopathology implantology Indology infectiology infology insectology Iranology irenology iridology Islamology Japanology Judeology kairology karstology karyology karyomorphology Kibology kidology killology kinesiology kinology knobology Kremlinology krenology Kurdology kymatology laryngology lepidopterology lexicology lichenology limnology limnozoology lipidology lithology lithotheology ludology lymphology malacology malacozoology maledictology mammalogy Mariology martyrology mediology meiobenthology melissopalynology melittology melitto-theology melittotheology menology mereology mereotopology mesology messianology metabiology metaphorology metapsychology meteorology meteoropathology methodology metrology microarchaeology microarcheology microbiology microclimatology microhistology micrology micrometeorology micromorphology micropalaeontology micropaleontology micropathology microtechnology mineralogy misology missiology mixology molinology monadology morology morphology morphophonology museology musicology Mycenology mycetology mycology myology myriapodology myrmecology mythology nanobiotechnology nanotechnology narcology narratology necrology nematology neology neonatology nephology nephrology neuroanthropology neurobiology neurocytology neuroendocrinology neuroethology neurogastroenterology neurohistology neuroimmunology neurology neuroophthalmology neuro-ophthalmology neurootology neuropathology neuropathophysiology neuropharmacology neurophenomenology neurophysiology neuropsychology neuropsychopharmacology neuroradiology neurotechnology nidology nomology noology nosology nostology numerology obesitology oceanology odonatology odontology odontostomatology odorology oenology oesophagology oikology omphalology oncohaematology oncohematology oncology oneirology onomasiology onomatology ontology ontopsychology ontotheology oology ophiology ophthalmology optotechnology orchidology organology ornithology orology orthokeratology orthology orthopterology osmology osteoarchaeology osteoarcheology osteoimmunology osteology otolaryngology otology otorhinolaryngology ovology paedodontology pædology paedology paidology palaeanthropology palæanthropology palaeoanthropology palaeobiology palaeoclimatology palaeoecology palaeoecophysiology palaeoentomology palaeohistology palaeohydrology palaeoichnology palaeoichthyology palaeolimnology palaeomorphology palaeontology palaeoosteology palaeoparasitology palaeopathology palaeopedology palaeophysiology palaeophytology palaeornithology palaeoserology palaeovirology palaeozoology paleoanthropology paleobiology paleoclimatology paleoecology paleoecophysiology paleoentomology paleohistology paleohydrology paleoichnology paleoichthyology paleolimnology paleomorphology paleontology paleoosteology paleoparasitology paleopathology paleopedology paleophysiology paleophytology paleornithology paleoserology paleovirology paleozoology palynology papyrology parachronology paralogy parapsychology parasitology paremiology parodontology pathobiology pathohistology pathology pathophysiology pathopsychology patrology pedobiology pedodontology pedology penology pentalogy perinatology periodontology pestology petinotheology petino-theology petrifactology petrology pharmacology pharyngology phenology phenomenology philology phlebology phonology photobiology photogeology photology phraseology phrenology phthisiology phycology phyllobiology physico-theology physicotheology physiology physiopathology phytobalneology phytoecology phytology phytomorphology phytonematology phytopalaeontology phytopaleontology phytopathology phytopharmacology phytophysiology phytosociology phytotechnology phytotheology phyto-theology pigeonology piphilology pisteology planetology planktology plumology pneumatology pneumology pneumonology podology poenology poetology politology polyetiology pomology ponerology posology potamology praxeology primatology proctology projectiology prophetology protistology protology protozoology psephology pseudoetymology pseudo-etymology psychobiology psychodermatology psychoendoneuroimmunology psychology psychoneuroendocrinoimmunology psychoneuroendocrinology psychoneuroimmunology psycho-oncology psychooncology psychopathology psychopharmacology psychophysiology psychotraumatology pteridology pulmology pulmonology pyramidology pyrology pyro-theology pyrotheology quadrilogy raciology radiobiology radioecology radiology radiooncology radiopathology radiopharmacology rastrology reflexology reptiliology rheology rheumatology rhinolaryngology rhinology rhodology rhythmology roentgenology runology sacramentology sarcology scatology scenology Scientology sclerochronology sedimentology seismology selenology semasiology sematology semiology senology seroepidemiology serology serpentology sexology Sinology sitiology skeletochronology sociobiology sociology somatology somnology sophiology sophrology soteriology Sovietology spasmologyy speleology splanchnology spongiology sporalogy staurology stemmatology stomatology storiology strabismology strabology strigiology stromatology sucrology suggestology suicidology Sumerology symbology symptomatology symptomology syndesmology syndromatology synecology syphilology syzygiology tautology technology tegestology teleology teleradiology teratology terminology testamentology tetralogy teuthology thanatology thaumatology theology theriogenology theriology thermatology thermology Thracology thremmatology Tibetology tidology timology tocology tokology tonology topology toxicology transfusiology translatology transplantology trassology traumatology traumatopsychology tribology trichology trichopterology trilogy trophology tropology Turcology Turkology typology ufology urogynaecology urogynecology urology urooncology uro-oncology uroradiology vaccinology venereology venology vermeology vexillology victimology vinylogy virology vitaminology Volapükology volcanology vulcanology xenobiology xenology xylology zooarchaeology zooarcheology zooecology zoology zoomorphology zoopalaeontology zoopaleontology zoosociology zumology zymology zymotechnology

词源

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-
Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos)
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂
Proto-Hellenic *-íā
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)
Ancient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logĭ́ā)bor.
Latin -logialbor.
French -logiebor.
English -logy
The English -logy suffix originates with loanwords from the Greek, usually via Latin and French, where the suffix -λογία (-logía) is an integral part of the word loaned. E.g. astrology from astrologia, since the 16th century.
The French -logie is a continuation of Latin -logia, ultimately from Ancient Greek -λογία (-logía). Within Greek, the suffix is an -ία (-ía) abstract from λόγος (lógos, “account, explanation, narrative”), itself a verbal noun from λέγω (légō, “to say, speak, converse, tell a story”).
Within English, the suffix becomes productive, especially to form names of sciences or departments of study, analogous to names of disciplines loaned from the Latin, such as astrology from astrologia or geology from geologia. Original compositions of terms with no precedent in Greek or Latin become common beginning in the later 18th century, sometimes imitating French or German templates (e.g. insectology, attested 1766, after French insectologie; terminology, attested 1801, after German Terminologie).
In a third stage, from the 19th century, the suffix becomes productive enough to form nonce combinations with English terms with no Greek or Latin origin, such as undergroundology (1820), hatology (1837).
Finally, from the second half of the 19th century, the suffix has also been used as a simplex as ology (plural ologies) and logy (plural logies), in parallel with and often alongside ism (plural isms).