rust

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /ɹʌst/    美 /ɹʌst/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation; it consists mostly of iron(III) oxide (ferric oxide) and iron(II) oxide (ferrous oxide). countable,uncountable
    — The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.
  2. A similar substance based on another metal. countable,uncountable
    — copper rust
  3. A reddish-brown color. countable,uncountable
  4. A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus (Pucciniales). countable,uncountable
  5. Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection. countable,uncountable
动词 v.
  1. To oxidize, especially of iron or steel. intransitive
    — The patio furniture had rusted in the wind-driven spray.
  2. To cause to oxidize. transitive
    — The wind-driven spray had thoroughly rusted the patio furniture.
  3. To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust. intransitive
    — I am sorry to say that, contrary to the majority, I have to report that the forage rusted rather badly.
  4. To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction. ambitransitive,figuratively
    — Must I rust in Egypt? never more / Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?
  5. Of a black cat or its fur, to turn rust-coloured following long periods of exposure to sunlight. intransitive
    — It's very common for black cats to rust during the summer.

词形变化

rusts plural rusts present,singular,third-person rusting participle,present rusted participle,past rusted past

词汇关系

近义词
oxidise oxidize corrode
衍生词
antirust anti-rust black rust carrot rust fly cedar-apple rust coffee leaf rust coffee rust derust gooseberry rust mayapple rust myrtle rust nab the rust Rust rust belt rustbelt rust-belt rust bucket rust-bucket rustbucket bucket of rust rust fly rust-free rustful rust fungus rustgill rusticle rust joint rustless rustlike rust mite rustproof rusty soybean rust spinning rust stem rust unrust wheat rust white pine blister rust white rust rust through nonrusting rustability rustable rust away rust off rust out unrusting
相关词
hematite aeciospore ferric oxide ferruginous rouille rubiginous verdigris

词源

词源 1
From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, rūst (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).
Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”), Finnish ruoste, Estonian rooste. Related to red.
词源 2
From Middle English rusten, from the noun (see above).
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