vaccine

名词 n. 动词 v. 形容词 adj.
中文释义
美 /vækˈsin/|/ˈvækˌsin/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A substance given to stimulate a body's production of antibodies and provide immunity against a disease without causing the disease itself in the treatment, prepared from the agent that causes the disease (or a derivative of it; or a related, also effective, but safer disease), or a synthetic substitute; also, a dose of such a substance. countable,uncountable
    — I am much inclined to the vaccine. My friend, Mr. L—, has had all his children vaccined, and I just wait to see the effect.
  2. The process of vaccination; immunization, inoculation. countable,uncountable
    — My dog has had two vaccines this year.
  3. The material taken from cowpox pustules used for vaccination against smallpox. countable,historical,uncountable
  4. The disease cowpox, especially as a source of material for vaccination against smallpox. also,countable,obsolete,uncountable
  5. Something defensive or protective in nature, like a vaccine (sense 1.1). countable,figuratively,uncountable
  6. A software program which protects computers against, or detects and neutralizes, computer viruses and other types of malware; an antivirus. countable,figuratively,uncountable
动词 v.
  1. Synonym of vaccinate (“to treat (a person or an animal) with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease”). archaic,transitive
    — [S]ince you have decided that the boy shall be vaccined, let us send directly for the surgeon and have it done, and then he will be safe.
形容词 adj.
  1. Of, pertaining to, caused by, or characteristic of cowpox. historical,not-comparable
  2. Of or pertaining to cowpox as a source of material for vaccination against smallpox; also, of or pertaining to such material used for vaccination. historical,not-comparable
    — I will call upon them: they are healthy children, we can have the vaccine infection from them, and I will inoculate the boy myself.
  3. Of, pertaining to, or derived from cattle. archaic,not-comparable
    — [M]y play could not have been written but for the work done by Sir Almroth Wright in the theory and practice of securing immunization from bacterial diseases by the inoculation of "vaccines" made of their own bacteria: a practice incorrectly called vaccinetherapy (there is nothing vaccine about it) apparently because it is what vaccination ought to be and is not.

词形变化

vaccines plural vaccines present,singular,third-person vaccining participle,present vaccined participle,past vaccined past

词汇关系

衍生词
abortion vaccine antivaccine anti-vaccine antivax antivaxxer autovaccine candidate vaccine DPT vaccine immunovaccine MMR vaccine monovaccine nanovaccine oncovaccine polyvaccine postvaccine post-vaccine prevaccine pro-vaccine retrovaccine Sabin vaccine supervaccine therapeutic vaccine unvaxxed vaccine diplomacy vaccine escape vaccine hesitancy vaccine-injured vaccine injury vaccine nationalism vaccine passport vaccine point Vaccine Revolt vaccine-shop vaccine shopper vaccine shopping vaccinize vaccinogen vaccinogenic vaccinogenous vaccinoid vaccinologist vaccinology vaccinomics vaccinophobe vaccinophobia vaccinophobic vaccinosis vax vaxxed
相关词
unvaccinated vaccinate vaccinated vaccination vaccinia vaccinifer vacciniola jab shot gamma globulin which may be given as a form of passive immunization

词源

词源 1
Learned borrowing from Latin vaccīnus (“of or derived from a cow”), from vacca (“cow (female cattle)”) + -īnus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives). Sense 1 refers to the early use of the cowpox virus as a vaccination against smallpox: see New Latin variolae vaccīnae (“cowpox”, plural, literally “infectious diseases of cattle causing pustules”), coined by the British physician and scientist Edward Jenner (1749–1823).
词源 2
The noun is probably partly:
* derived from vaccine (adjective) (see etymology 1); and
* borrowed from French vaccine (“cowpox (short for variole vaccine); vaccination against smallpox using material from cowpox”), vaccin (“cowpox material used for smallpox vaccination”), both noun uses of vaccin (adjective), from Latin vaccīnus (see etymology 1).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Cognates
* Italian vaccina
* Portuguese vacina
* Spanish vacuna
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