zugzwang

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A situation in which a player is forced to make a disadvantageous move; a position where any legal move will worsen a player's situation. countable,uncountable
    — In such a position his condition will get worse step by step until he is forced, by the necessity of making a move, to relax his hold on, or weaken, some key point, and his game collapses. A combination directed to bring about such a catastrophe is called by the Germans Zugzwang (compulsion to move), and the player who succumbs under it is said to have got into Zugzwang.
  2. A situation in which someone is forced to make a disadvantageous move. countable,figuratively,uncountable
    — An explanation for this phenomenon may be that speech acts that include instructions (e.g., a command or request) show a higher level of activity than speech acts of assertion; the ethnomethodological analysis of conversation speaks of conversational Zugzwänge:²⁴ a request, a question or a command demands a reaction of the addressee.
动词 v.
  1. To force (a player) into a situation where they must make a disadvantageous move. transitive

词形变化

zugzwangs plural zugzwänge plural Zugzwang alternative zugzwangs present,singular,third-person zugzwanging participle,present zugzwanged participle,past zugzwanged past

词源

词源 1
From German Zugzwang, from Zug (“move”) + Zwang (“compulsion”).
词源 2
From German Zugzwang, from Zug (“move”) + Zwang (“compulsion”).
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