vodka

名词 n.
中文释义
美 /ˈvɑdkə/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A clear distilled alcoholic liquor made from grain mash. countable,uncountable
    — Eurydice pointed to the cupboard, and sat down on the low divan with folded hands, and looked at the floor. She was quite white. Elsa made her drink a glass of vodka.
  2. A serving of the above beverage. countable,uncountable
    — You should mutter sullenly into your glass, cursing the serving woman (Witch! Hag! Poison!) or the vodka (Poison! Bitch!), as the one pours you another glass of the other.
  3. Neutral spirits distilled (or treated after distillation) so as to have no distinctive character, aroma, taste, or color. countable,uncountable
  4. A Russian. countable,ethnic,slang,slur
  5. Russian language. slang,uncountable

词形变化

vodkas plural vodki alternative,colloquial,nonstandard vodky alternative,colloquial,nonstandard

词汇关系

衍生词
caipivodka penne alla vodka Scotchka vodka beetle vodka cran vodkaholic vodkaless vodkalike vodka luge vodkarita vodka sauce vodkatini vodka tonic

词源

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wed-
Proto-Indo-European *-r̥
Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥
Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō
Proto-Slavic *voda
Old East Slavic вода (voda)
Russian вода́ (vodá)
Proto-Slavic *-ьka
Proto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ
Proto-Slavic *-ъka
Russian -ка (-ka)
Russian во́дка (vódka)bor.
English vodka
Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), from вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ка (-ka, “-let: forming diminutives”). The archaic Russian name for vodka was хле́бное вино́ (xlébnoje vinó, “grain wine”); V. Pokhlyobkin's research suggests the present name derived from expressions concerning the dilution of the initial pure distilled spirit such as "vodka of grain wine".
Cognates include Sanskrit उदक (udaka), Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) → English hydro-, English whisky and English water.
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