utopian socialist

— [H]e [Jean-Jacques Rousseau] rejected the belief, held by his contemporary [Claude Adrien] Helvétius and later by such social radicals as the utopian socialists [Charles] Fourier, [Robert] Owen, and [Étienne] Cabet, that the individual is simply what his education—including his art education—makes him.

— Now these influences increased as the influence in Germany of the theories and works of the Dutch Marxist architect [H. P.] Berlage and of the Belgian anarchist sympathizer [Henry] [v]an de Velde, among others, became greater than ever before. But now in Germany such theories were likely to be given a somewhat utopian socialist cast—which is one reason why the ideas of the architect, Tony Garnier, also became influential, as did those of another belated Fourierist, Le Corbusier.