un-

前缀
中文释义
英 /ʌn/    美 /ʌn/|/an/

英文释义

前缀
  1. not morpheme
    — un- + educated → uneducated (“not educated”)
  2. the inverse of a specified action morpheme
    — un- + dress → undress (“to take one's clothes off”)
  3. Used for the digit one to form systematic element names of elements whose existence has been predicted, and which have not yet been given a trivial name. morpheme
    — un- (“1”) + bi- (“2”) + un- (“1”) + -ium (element suffix) → unbiunium (“element 121”)
  4. lack of morpheme
    — un- + conformity → unconformity (“lack of conformity”)
  5. deprive of, release from, free from, remove from, extract from morpheme
    — un- + cage → uncage (“to release from a cage”)
  6. Used to form large numbers as the first in the sequence. morpheme
    — un- + decillion (“10³³”) → undecillion (“10³⁶”)
  7. contrary to traditional norms; unconventional morpheme
    — un- + conference → unconference
  8. intensifying a verb that already suggests opposition or removal morpheme,rare
    — un- + loosen → unloosen

词形变化

on- alternative

词源

词源 1
From Middle English un-, from Old English un-, from Proto-West Germanic *un-, from Proto-Germanic *un-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Cognate with Scots un-, on- (“un-”), North Frisian ün-, Saterland Frisian uun-, West Frisian ûn-, on-, Dutch on-, Low German un-, on-, German un-, Danish u-, Swedish o-, Norwegian u-, Icelandic ó-. More distant cognate with Latin in-, Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) (whence English a-, modern Greek α- (a-)) and Sanskrit अ- (a-).
Doublet of in- and a-.
词源 2
From Middle English on-, from Old English on-, ond-, and- (“against, facing, toward; in return, back, without”), from Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi- (“against”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“across, forth, forward, ahead”), from *h₂énts (“end, limit, forehead”). In some cases the meaning is influenced by un- (“not”, etymology 1).
词源 3
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ís?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos
Proto-Italic *oinos
Old Latin oinos
Latin ūnusbor.
English un-
Borrowed from Latin ūnus.
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