turf

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /tɜːf/    美 /tɝf/|/tɜːf/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A layer of earth covered with grass; sod. uncountable
    — Miss Thorn began digging up the turf with her lofter: it was a painful moment for me. ¶ “You might at least have tried me, Mrs. Cooke,” I said.
  2. A piece of such a layer cut from the soil. May be used as sod to make a lawn, dried for peat, stacked to form earthen structures, etc. countable
    — "It's an old custom the people had when they bought and sold land. They used to cut out a clod and hand it over to the buyer, and you weren't lawfully seised of your land - it didn't really belong to you - till the other fellow had actually given you a piece of it - like this." He held out the turves.
  3. A block of peat used as fuel. countable
    — In ordinary peat-bogs, however, where turves are cut, there is always a large percentage of waste peat resulting from the digging, drying or transport of the turves, which can be utilized only by moulding it.
  4. A thick, carpet-like bed of algae. countable,uncountable
    — The turf layer is made up of filamentous and thallose red algae.
  5. A surface of synthetic fibers made to look like grass; artificial turf. specifically,uncountable
    — In climates where grass struggles to grow, turf is usually used instead on sports fields.
  6. A territory claimed by a gang as their own. slang,uncountable
  7. A person's domain or sphere of influence. broadly,uncountable
  8. A racetrack, hippodrome. uncountable,with-definite-article
  9. The sport of racing horses. uncountable,with-definite-article
动词 v.
  1. To cover with turf; to create a lawn by laying turfs.
  2. To throw a frisbee well short of its intended target, usually causing it to hit the ground within 10 yards of its release.
  3. To fire from a job or dismiss from a task.
    — Eight managers were turfed after the merger of the two companies.
  4. To cancel a project or product.
    — The company turfed the concept car because the prototype performed poorly.
  5. To expel, eject, or throw out; to turf out. informal,transitive
    — He has the mistaken idea that he is a lap dog, and loves to be nursed, especially by ladies, but eighty-five pounds on your lap is no joke, and he can never understand why he gets turfed off.
  6. To transfer or attempt to transfer (a patient or case); to eschew or avoid responsibility for. transitive
    — "Sure thing, I buffed her, and they turfed her to urology, but she bounced back to me!" […] They want to transfer responsibility for her to another branch of the hospital (turf her).

词形变化

turfs plural turves plural turfs present,singular,third-person turfing participle,present turfed participle,past turfed past

词汇关系

衍生词
artificial turf AstroTurf come with the turf go with the turf home turf lilyturf macroturf on the turf returf Smurf turf surf and turf turf accountant turf advisor turfage turf ant turf bank turfcutter turfdom turfen turfgrass turfism turfite turfless turflike turfman turf maze turf roof turf-roof turf-roofed turf ski turf spade turf toe turf war turfwise turfy unturf turfer turf out

词源

词源 1
From Middle English turf, torf, from Old English turf (“turf, sod, soil, piece of grass-covered earth, greensward”), from Proto-West Germanic *turb (“turf, peat”), from Proto-Germanic *turbz (“turf, lawn”), from Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“tuft, grass”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots turr, truff (“turf, peat”), Dutch turf (“turf”), Middle Low German torf (“peat, turf”) (whence German Torf and German Low German Torf), Danish tørv (“peat”), Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, and Swedish torv (“turf”), Norn *torv (“peat”), French tourbe (“peat”), Finnish turve (“turf”), Lithuanian darbas (“bunch of leaves”), durpės (“peat”), Sanskrit दर्भ (darbhá, “a type of grass”), दूर्वा (dū́rvā, “bent grass”).
Not cognate with Danish torv (“square, market, marketplace”), which is instead inherited from Old Norse torg (“marketplace”), from Old East Slavic търгъ (tŭrgŭ, “trade, trading, commerce, trade square”), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *tъ̑rgъ (“merchandise, commodity, wares”).
词源 2
From Middle English turf, torf, from Old English turf (“turf, sod, soil, piece of grass-covered earth, greensward”), from Proto-West Germanic *turb (“turf, peat”), from Proto-Germanic *turbz (“turf, lawn”), from Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“tuft, grass”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots turr, truff (“turf, peat”), Dutch turf (“turf”), Middle Low German torf (“peat, turf”) (whence German Torf and German Low German Torf), Danish tørv (“peat”), Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, and Swedish torv (“turf”), Norn *torv (“peat”), French tourbe (“peat”), Finnish turve (“turf”), Lithuanian darbas (“bunch of leaves”), durpės (“peat”), Sanskrit दर्भ (darbhá, “a type of grass”), दूर्वा (dū́rvā, “bent grass”).
Not cognate with Danish torv (“square, market, marketplace”), which is instead inherited from Old Norse torg (“marketplace”), from Old East Slavic търгъ (tŭrgŭ, “trade, trading, commerce, trade square”), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *tъ̑rgъ (“merchandise, commodity, wares”).
0 次浏览 数据来源: Wiktionary