truant
名词 n.
动词 v.
形容词 adj.
英 /ˈtɹuːənt/
美 /ˈtɹuənt/
英文释义
名词 n.
-
An idle or lazy person; an idler.
— For my part I may ſpeake it to my ſhame, / I haue a truant beene to Chiualrie, […]
-
A student who is absent from school without permission; hence (figurative), a person who shirks or wanders from business or duty.
— [S]ince I pluckt Geeſe, plaide Trevvant, and vvhipt Top, I knevv not vvhat 'tvvas to be beaten, till lately.
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Synonym of sturdy beggar (“a person who was fit and able to work, but lived as a beggar or vagrant instead”); hence, a worthless person; a rogue, a scoundrel.
— Hang him truant, theres no true drop of bloud in him to be truly toucht vvith loue, if he be ſadde, he vvantes money.
动词 v.
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Also used with the impersonal pronoun it (dated): to shirk or wander from business or duty; (specifically) of a student: to be absent from school without permission; to play truant.
— The number of schoolchildren known to have truanted from this school has been unusually high.What mindless thief brags of his own crime? / 'Tis doubly wrong to wander from your bed [i.e., be unfaithful to one’s wife], / And let her read it in your looks at the table: […]
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To idle away or waste (time).
— I dare not be the Author / Of trevvanting the time then, neither vvill I.
形容词 adj.
-
Shirking or wandering from business or duty; straying; hence, idle; loitering.
— Ham[let]. And vvhat in faith make you from VVittenberg? / Hora[tio]. A truant diſpoſition good my Lord.
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Of a student: absent from school without permission.
— He didn’t graduate because he was chronically truant and didn’t have enough attendances to meet the requirement.
- Having no real substance; unimportant, vain, worthless.
词汇关系
词源
词源 1
The adjective and noun are derived from Middle English truant, truand, truaund (“(adjective) idle; tending to vagrancy (uncertain; may be a use of the noun); (noun) beggar; mendicant friar; vagrant, wanderer; worthless person, rogue, scoundrel; one who is absent without leave, truant; one who shirks duties”), from Old French truant, truand (“(adjective) beggarly; roguish; (noun) a beggar, vagabond; a rogue”) (modern French truand), probably of Celtic origin, possibly from Gaulish *trugan, or from Breton truan (“wretched”), from Proto-Celtic *taratrom, from Proto-Indo-European *térh₁-tro-m, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to drill, pierce; to rub; to turn”).
Cognates
* Breton truc (“beggar”)
* Irish trogán, trogha (“destitute”)
* Middle Dutch trawant, trouwant, truwant
* Occitan truan
* Portuguese truão
* Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”), truaghan (“wretched”)
* Spanish truhan
* Welsh tru, truan (“wretched”)
Cognates
* Breton truc (“beggar”)
* Irish trogán, trogha (“destitute”)
* Middle Dutch trawant, trouwant, truwant
* Occitan truan
* Portuguese truão
* Scottish Gaelic trudanach (“vagabond”), truaghan (“wretched”)
* Spanish truhan
* Welsh tru, truan (“wretched”)
词源 2
Inherited from Middle English truaunten (“to obtain alms fraudulently; to behave like a rogue or scoundrel; to neglect a duty; to be idle or lazy”), and then partly:
* from Old French truander (modern French truander (“to cheat, to con”)), from truand (noun) (see etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs); and
* from Middle English truaunt (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming infinitives of verbs).
* from Old French truander (modern French truander (“to cheat, to con”)), from truand (noun) (see etymology 1) + -er (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs); and
* from Middle English truaunt (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming infinitives of verbs).
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数据来源: Wiktionary