spall

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /spɔːl/    美 /spɔl/|/spɑl/|/spoːl/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A splinter, fragment or chip, especially of stone. countable
    — My father knew Bert Le Feuvre, the foreman of Griffith's yard, and there was a little heap of spawls waiting ready every night in summer after school for me to crack.
  2. The shoulder. obsolete,rare
    — Their mightie ſtrokes their haberieons diſmayld, / And naked made each others manly ſpalles; […]
  3. A process of weathering, aging, or other wear that involves the crumbling of the substrate. uncountable
    — The failure of this bearing involved spall under high load.
动词 v.
  1. To break into fragments or small pieces. ambitransitive
    — Cobbed Ore is the ſpalled which is broke out of the ſolid large ſtones with ſledges
  2. To undergo weathering, aging, or other wear that involves the crumbling of the substrate. especially
    — When the bearing race spalled under high load, it led to the failure of the bearing.
  3. To reduce, as irregular blocks of stone, to an approximately level surface by hammering. transitive

词形变化

spalls plural spawl alternative spalls present,singular,third-person spalling participle,present spalled participle,past spalled past spawl alternative spalls plural

词汇关系

衍生词
cross-spall nonspalling spallable unspalled
相关词
spaller spalling

词源

词源 1
From Middle English spalle (“a chip”) (first documented in 1440), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from the Middle English verb spald (“to split”) (c.1400), from Middle Low German spalden, cognate with Old High German spaltan (“to split”).
词源 2
From Italian spalla. Doublet of spauld and spatula.
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