scald

名词 n. 动词 v. 形容词 adj.
中文释义
英 /skɔːld/|/skɒld/    美 /skɔld/|/skɑld/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A burn, or injury to the skin or flesh, by hot liquid or steam.
  2. Scaliness; a scabby skin disease. obsolete,uncountable
    — Her craftie head was altogether bald, / And as in hate of honorable eld, / Was ouergrowne with scurfe and filthy scald[…].
  3. Alternative form of skald. alt-of,alternative
    — The fire was spreading rapidly through all parts of the castle, when Ulrica, who had first kindled it, appeared on a turret, in the guise of one of the ancient furies, yelling forth a war-song, such as was of yore chaunted on the field of battle by the scalds of the yet heathen Saxons.
  4. A paste, made by mixing flour with hot or boiling water (causing starches in it to gelatinize and hold more water) and allowing that mixture to sit and cool, which is added to bread dough to produce a softer bread that takes longer to stale.
    — […] stir in the flour by hand, and afterwards add the boiling water, and stir vigorously as already described for Virgin barm. The scald should not be so stiff as for Virgin, and should taste sweet when newly made.
  5. Poor or bad land. Appalachia
动词 v.
  1. To burn with hot liquid.
    — to scald the hand
  2. To heat almost to boiling.
    — Scald the milk until little bubbles form.
形容词 adj.
  1. Affected with the scab; scabby. obsolete
    — and let us knog our / prains together to be revenge on this same scald, scurvy, / cogging companion,
  2. Paltry; worthless. obsolete
    — Would it not grieue a King to be so abuſ’d? And haue a thouſand horſmen tane away? And which is worſe to haue his Diadem Sought for by ſuch ſcalde knaues as loue him not?

词形变化

scalds present,singular,third-person scalding participle,present scalded participle,past scalded past scalds plural more scald comparative most scald superlative scalds plural

词汇关系

近义词
scurvy miserable trashy
衍生词
antiscald barley scald forscald nonscalding rainscald scalder scaldhead scaldingly sunscald scald-crow

词源

词源 1
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs
Proto-Italic *eks
Latin ex
Latin ex-
Proto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti
Proto-Indo-European *ḱl̥h₁éh₁ti
Proto-Italic *kalēō
Latin caleō
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.
Proto-Italic *-iðos
Latin -idus
Latin calidus
Latin caldus
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin excaldō
Old Northern French escalderbor.
Middle English scalden
English scald
From Middle English scalden, assumed to stem from Old Northern French escalder (compare central Old French eschauder, eschalder), from Late Latin excaldāre (“bathe in hot water”), from ex- (“off, out”) + cal(i)dus (“hot”).
Cognate with Old Swedish skalda, skolda, skolla, skala, Swedish skålla, Danish skolde, Norwegian skålda, skaalda, Icelandic skálda.
Also compare Old Norse skálda (“to rot, fall off, of hair”), to skalli (“baldness”), borrowed as Middle English scalle (“hair loss infektion, rash, blistering”), English scall.
词源 2
Alteration of scall or scalled. Compare cognate Old Swedish skold, skoldh, skol, Swedish skål, skoll, skolla, Danish skold, skolde, Norwegian skåld (“rash”).
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