microtopography

— It is this interface, delineated by chemical and structural features on the surface of the organism (such as concentration and localization of cytochromes and reductases and the physical structure of the outer membrane) and the mineral surface (such as density and coordination of iron-oxide moieties, surface microtopography, and crystallographic orientation), which probably has a major impact on the kinetics and extent of bacterial reduction of Fe(III) minerals.