mercury

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /ˈmɜːkjʊɹi/    美 /ˈmɜɹkjəɹi/|/ˈmɜɹkɹi/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. Senses relating to the metal.; A silvery-coloured, metallic chemical element (symbol Hg) with the atomic number 80; it is liquid at room temperature, and toxic. countable,uncountable
    — When therfore they perceaue a ſufficient quantitie of golde thus remaynynge on the tables, they gather it with diligence and put it in a tray or great ſhallowe dyſſhe of wod […] they beate or mixte (or amalgame it as they caule it) with Mercurie or quickſyluer, […]
  2. Senses relating to the metal.; Preceded by the: mercury (noun sense 1.1) as used in the column of a barometer or thermometer, its fall or rise thus indicating the decrease or increase of ambient pressure or temperature. countable,uncountable
    — The mercury there has averaged 37.6°C, 2.3°C above the February norm.
  3. Senses relating to the metal.; A preparation containing mercury (noun sense 1.1), especially calomel (mercurous chloride) or corrosive sublimate (mercuric chloride), formerly used as a medicine to treat syphilis, etc. countable,historical,uncountable
    — [O]ur Cures vvere rendered tedious and unſucceſsful, […] vvhilſt their Bodies vvere purged vvith Catharticks vvithout Mercury. […] They are generally ſtrong if the party can bear them, viz. ſome Preparations of Mercury, as Turbish mineral. &c. or, Antimonial, as Crocus Metallor, in ſtronger Bodies; but in vveaker Conſtitutions vve give ſuch as vve may.
  4. Senses relating to the metal.; One of the elemental principles formerly thought to be present in all metals. countable,historical,uncountable
  5. Senses relating to the metal.; Liveliness, volatility. countable,figuratively,obsolete,uncountable
    — Religion thou haſt none: thy Mercury / Has paſs'd though every Sect, or theirs through Thee.
  6. Senses relating to plants.; An annual plant, now generally called annual mercury (Mercurialis annua), chiefly native to central and southern Europe which was formerly grown for its medicinal properties; French mercury, herb mercury. countable,uncountable
    — The herbe which is cõmunely [communely, i.e., commonly] called in engliſhe mercury hath nothyng to do wyth mercurialis, whereof I ſpake nowe. Let the Poticaries vſe thys mercury and let the commune mercury alone.
  7. Senses relating to plants.; Chiefly with a descriptive word.; Any of several plants of the genus Mercurialis; specifically (obsolete), dog's mercury or wild mercury (Mercurialis perennis). countable,uncountable
    — Phyllon […] may be Engliſhed Barons Mercury or Phyllon, or Boyes Mercury or Phyllõ [Phyllon]. And the female is called […] in Engliſh Gyrles Phyllon or Mercury, Daughters Phyllon, or Mayden Mercury.
  8. Senses relating to plants.; Chiefly with a descriptive word.; Any of several plants resembling Mercurialis plants but of a different genus, or having similar medicinal or toxic qualities as annual mercury or dog's mercury.; Allgood or Good King Henry (Blitum bonus-henricus), a species of goosefoot native to central and southern Europe formerly cultivated as a vegetable but now generally regarded as a weed; English mercury, false mercury (obsolete). Northern-England,countable,uncountable
    — This herbe is called […] in Engliſh, Good Henry, and Algood: of ſome it is taken for Mercurie.
  9. Senses relating to plants.; Chiefly with a descriptive word.; Any of several plants resembling Mercurialis plants but of a different genus, or having similar medicinal or toxic qualities as annual mercury or dog's mercury.; Poison ivy or poison oak (genus Toxicodendron, especially the eastern poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) or Atlantic poison oak (Toxicodendron pubescens)). Northeastern,US,countable,uncountable
动词 v.
  1. To apply or coat (something) with mercury (noun sense 1.1) or a preparation containing mercury. historical,transitive
    — In proceeding to elucidate my process, I will divide it into six parts, the first three of which will be confined to plate cleaning; the fourth to coating with chemicals; the fifth to mercurying and chemicals, and the sixth to finishing with general remarks.
  2. To apply or coat (something) with mercury (noun sense 1.1) or a preparation containing mercury.; to apply to (the face) a preparation of mercury to beautify it historical,obsolete,rare,specifically,transitive
    — […] I knovv, you ha' not a finger, but is as long as my quiuer (couſin Mercvrie) vvhen you pleaſe to extend it. […] Alas, your palmes (Ivpiter knovves) they are as tender as the foot of a foundred nagge, or a ladies face nevv mercuried, the'ile [they'll] touch nothing.
  3. To administer to (someone) a medicine containing mercury. historical,transitive
    — As for bloodletting, their prime cooler, it is inflammatory; and they know it (parrot-wise), for the thumping heart, and bounding pulse, of pashints blid [bled] by butchers in black, and bullocks blid by butchers in blue, prove it; and they have recorded this in all their books; yet stabbed, and bit, and starved, and mercuried, and murdered, on.

词形变化

mercuries plural mercurie alternative mercuries present,singular,third-person mercurying participle,present mercuried participle,past mercuried past

词汇关系

下位词
annual mercury French mercury herb mercury black mercury dog's mercury wild mercury English mercury mercury goosefoot mercury spurge mercury weed three-seed mercury
衍生词
alkylmercury argental mercury cadmium mercury cell dichloromercury dimercury dimethylmercury dodecamercury eka-mercury ethylmercury fulminate of mercury green iodide of mercury hexamercury horn mercury mercurate mercurial mercuriate mercuriation mercuric mercuricals mercuriferous mercurify mercurio-syphilis mercurism mercurize mercuroan mercurochrome mercurocuprate mercurous mercury arc mercury arc rectifier mercury arc valve mercury barometer mercury bichloride mercury dichloride mercury cadmium telluride mercury fulminate mercury gilding mercury lamp mercuryless mercury of life mercury perchloride mercury poisoning mercury pool mercury protochloride mercury rust mercury selenide mercury soap mercury sulfide mercury sulphide mercury switch mercury thermometer mercury-vapor lamp mercury vapor lamp mercury-vapour lamp mercury vapour lamp mercury vapor pump mercury vapour pump mercury vapor rectifier mercury vapour rectifier methylmercury methyl mercury millimeter of mercury millimetre of mercury nonmercury organomercury oxymercuration pentamercury phenylmercury protiodide of mercury radiomercury red mercury tetramercury trimercury vegetable mercury
相关词
mercaptan Mercury blue mass cinnabar cinnabarite corderoite livingstonite sublimate thimerosal thiomersal

词源

词源 1
Etymology tree
Latin mercuriusder.
Middle English mercurie
English mercury
The noun is derived from Middle English mercurie (“metallic chemical element, quicksilver; a plant, probably goosefoot (genus Chenopodium); (possibly) dog’s mercury (Mercurialis perennis); etc.”), borrowed from Late Latin mercurius (“metallic chemical element, quicksilver”), Latin Mercurius (“Mercury, the Roman god of commerce, communication, etc.; the planet Mercury; etc.”), possibly from merc-, a stem of merx (“goods, wares; merchandise”); further etymology uncertain, possibly:
* from Etruscan; or
* from Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“to divide”), or *merkʷ- (“to grasp; to take”).
The suffix -urius is also thought to be from Etruscan.
Noun sense 1.1 (“metallic chemical element”) is from the association in medieval alchemy of the seven known metals—gold, silver, quicksilver, copper, iron, tin, and lead—with the Sun, the Moon, and the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. An analogy was probably also drawn between the element being liquid at room temperature, and the Roman god Mercury’s attribute of swiftness.
Noun sense 2 (“senses relating to plants”) is derived from mercurial (“(obsolete) any of the plants now known as mercury”, noun), from Middle English mercurial (“a plant, probably goosefoot (genus Chenopodium); (possibly) dog’s mercury (Mercurialis perennis)”, noun) from Anglo-Norman mercurial, Old French mercurial, or directly from their etymon Latin mercuriālis (“a plant, probably annual mercury (Mercurialis annua)”), short for herba mercuriālis (“(probably) annual mercury”, literally “herb or plant of the god Mercury”). Mercuriālis (“pertaining to the Roman god Mercury”, adjective) is derived from Mercurius (“the Roman god Mercury”) (see above) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns).
Noun sense 2.2.2.1 (“Blitum bonus-henricus”) is from the fact that this plant was often confused with annual mercury (noun sense 2.1).
The verb is derived from the noun.
词源 2
Etymology tree
Latin mercuriusder.
Middle English mercurie
English mercury
The noun is derived from Middle English mercurie (“metallic chemical element, quicksilver; a plant, probably goosefoot (genus Chenopodium); (possibly) dog’s mercury (Mercurialis perennis); etc.”), borrowed from Late Latin mercurius (“metallic chemical element, quicksilver”), Latin Mercurius (“Mercury, the Roman god of commerce, communication, etc.; the planet Mercury; etc.”), possibly from merc-, a stem of merx (“goods, wares; merchandise”); further etymology uncertain, possibly:
* from Etruscan; or
* from Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“to divide”), or *merkʷ- (“to grasp; to take”).
The suffix -urius is also thought to be from Etruscan.
Noun sense 1.1 (“metallic chemical element”) is from the association in medieval alchemy of the seven known metals—gold, silver, quicksilver, copper, iron, tin, and lead—with the Sun, the Moon, and the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. An analogy was probably also drawn between the element being liquid at room temperature, and the Roman god Mercury’s attribute of swiftness.
Noun sense 2 (“senses relating to plants”) is derived from mercurial (“(obsolete) any of the plants now known as mercury”, noun), from Middle English mercurial (“a plant, probably goosefoot (genus Chenopodium); (possibly) dog’s mercury (Mercurialis perennis)”, noun) from Anglo-Norman mercurial, Old French mercurial, or directly from their etymon Latin mercuriālis (“a plant, probably annual mercury (Mercurialis annua)”), short for herba mercuriālis (“(probably) annual mercury”, literally “herb or plant of the god Mercury”). Mercuriālis (“pertaining to the Roman god Mercury”, adjective) is derived from Mercurius (“the Roman god Mercury”) (see above) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns).
Noun sense 2.2.2.1 (“Blitum bonus-henricus”) is from the fact that this plant was often confused with annual mercury (noun sense 2.1).
The verb is derived from the noun.
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