lah

名词 n. 助词
中文释义

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. Alternative spelling of la. alt-of,alternative
助词
  1. Placed at the end of a sentence to accentuate the mood or attitude of the speaker.
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑ(ː)˨], mid-falling [lɑː˧˨]
    Disapproval
  2. Placed at the end of a sentence to convey reassurance or express solidarity.
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑ(ː)˨], mid-falling [lɑː˧˨]
  3. Indicates an attempt at expressing sympathy, conveying informality or sincerity, or establishing a rapport with the listener.
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑ(ː)˨]
  4. Placed at the end of an assertive statement to express denial or dismissiveness.
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑ(ː)˨], mid-falling [lɑː˧˨]
  5. Used after an assertive statement to reinforce its authoritativeness, or to show that the speaker is confident with what they are saying.
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑ(ː)˨], mid-falling [lɑː˧˨]
  6. Asserts that something is clear, obvious or straightforward.
    — Pitch contour: falling [lɑ(ː)˦˨]
  7. Used to tone down an imperative sentence, so it sounds more like a request or suggestion.
    — Pitch contour: falling [lɑ(ː)˦˨]
  8. Indicates strong persuasion at the end of an imperative sentence.
    — Pitch contour: mid-falling [lɑː˧˨]
  9. Indicates a retrospective remark or a reassessment of one’s opinion.
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑ(ː)˨], mid-falling [lɑː˧˨]
  10. Reinforces a suggestion with the implication that it is the more practical option.
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑ(ː)˨], mid-falling [lɑː˧˨]
  11. Indicates confirmation-seeking at the end of an inferential statement.
    — Pitch contour: falling [lɑː˦˨]
  12. Used to express realisation, or vexation when something is already obvious.
    — Pitch contour: falling [lɑː˦˨]
  13. Reinforces the factuality of an assertive statement made to correct an inaccurate, underlying assumption. uncommon
    — Pitch contour: mid-rising [lɑ(ː)˧˦]
  14. Used to convey a slight sense of dissatisfaction or irritation. uncommon
    — Pitch contour: mid-rising [lɑ(ː)˧˦]
  15. Used for enumeration (when listing examples). uncommon
    — Pitch contour: mid [lɑː˧]
  16. An assertive separator, used to reverse the order of the usual topic–comment structure of a sentence. Malaysia,uncommon
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑ(ː)˨]
    You’re no fun.
  17. Used sarcastically. uncommon
    — Pitch contour: low-mid [lɑː˨], (in the example below) high-mid [lɑ(ː)˦]
    No, definitely not. (sarcastic reply)

词形变化

lahs plural la alternative lar alternative

词汇关系

相关词
what lah1–14 lor2–3 lor1 ah6 leh1–2 mah leh3–6 one1–3 hor1 know nia only sia hor2 ah1–3 hah1–3 meh ba2 leh7–11 ba1 liao already Gupta A. F. (1992) in volume 18 number 1 →DOI

词源

词源 1
An anglicised spelling of la.
词源 2
From Malay lah, Hokkien 啦 (--la) and Cantonese 啦 (laa¹). Doublet of la in colloquial Hong Kong English.
Lim (2007) lists multiple sources:
* Bazaar Malay, for its use as a particle of emphasis (akin to Malay lah), and the senses expressing commands, invitations and "solidarity, familiarity [and] informality".
* Hokkien 啦 (--la), which indicates finality, completion and confirmation-seeking, as well as "emphasis, persuasiveness, dismissiveness [and] listing".
* Cantonese 啦 (laa¹), expressing a "general lack of definiteness or forcefulness", and for its role in softening commands.
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