hearth

名词 n.
中文释义
英 /ˈhɑːθ/|[ˈhɑːθ]    美 /ˈhɑɹθ/|[ˈhɑɹθ]

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. The place in a home where a fire is or was traditionally kept for home heating and for cooking, usually constituted by at least a hearthstone and often enclosed to varying degrees by any combination of reredos, fireplace, oven, smoke hood, or chimney.
    — For by the hearth the children sit ⁠Cold in that atmosphere of Death, ⁠And scarce endure to draw the breath, Or like to noiseless phantoms flit: […]
  2. A hearthstone, either as standalone or as the floor of an enclosed fireplace or oven.
    — cooking on an open hearth
  3. A fireplace: an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire may be built.
  4. The lowest part of a metallurgical furnace.
  5. A brazier, chafing dish, or firebox.
  6. Home or family life. figuratively
    — To put it simply, he seems to me to be starting out to harm the city, from its very hearth, by setting out to wrong you.
  7. A household or group in some forms of the modern pagan faith Heathenry. Germanic
    — Asatru is practised all over Northern Europe and also in North America. Like Druidry, it is organized into bodies with sub-groups, the hearths.

词形变化

hearths plural

词汇关系

衍生词
forehearth hearth and home hearth board hearthflame hearthful hearthless hearthlike hearth-penny hearthplace hearthrug hearthside hearthstead hearthstone hearth tax hearthward hearthwards multihearth open hearth open-hearth ore hearth rivet hearth Scotch hearth

词源

From Middle English herth, herthe, from Old English heorþ, from Proto-West Germanic *herþ, from Proto-Germanic *herþaz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“heat; fire”). Cognate with West Frisian hurd, Dutch haard, German Herd, Swedish härd.
The modern spelling is from an Middle English/Early Modern English /hɛːrθ/, from earlier /heːrθ/, levelled from inflected forms with /rð/ where the vowel would have been lengthened. The reflex of this pronunciation was preserved in obsolete dialectal /ˈhɜɹθ/.
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