gouge

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /ˈɡaʊ̯d͡ʒ/|[ˈɡaʊ̯d͡ʒ]    美 /ˈɡaʊ̯d͡ʒ/|[ˈɡaʊ̯d͡ʒ]

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. Senses relating to cutting tools.; A chisel with a curved blade for cutting or scooping channels, grooves, or holes in wood, stone, etc. countable,uncountable
    — The "steeple" was a little cupola, reared on the very centre of the roof, on four tall pillars of pine, that were fluted with a gouge, and loaded with mouldings.
  2. Senses relating to cutting tools.; A bookbinder's tool with a curved face, used for blind tooling or gilding. countable,uncountable
    — In plate II. are design for two backs of books. The first figure, which presents an appearance of exceeding richness, is executed with one sole tool, viz. No. 10, and a small gouge for the sides of the lettering-piece.
  3. Senses relating to cutting tools.; An incising tool that cuts blanks or forms for envelopes, gloves, etc., from leather, paper, or other materials. countable,uncountable
    — Gouge. […] A shaped incising-tool used for cutting out forms or blanks for gloves, envelopes, or other objects cut to a shape from fabric, leather, or paper.
  4. A cut or groove, as left by a gouge or something sharp. countable,uncountable
    — The nail left a deep gouge in the tire.
  5. An act of gouging. colloquial,countable,uncountable
  6. A cheat, a fraud; an imposition. countable,slang,uncountable
  7. An impostor. countable,slang,uncountable
  8. Soft material lying between the wall of a vein and the solid vein of ore. countable,uncountable
    — At some of the mines on the great Mother Lode, where hundreds of tons are not unfrequently thrown down at a blast, and where a wide, soft "gouge" along one wall enables the minder to keep two or three sides of the rock free, and give the powder the greatest opportunity to "lift" without waste of power, the cost of drilling and blasting per ton is so low that a reduction of one-third, even if it could be made, would not greatly affect the general count; […]
  9. Information. US,slang,uncountable
    — As all naval aviators have learned at one time or another in their careers, “There's plenty of bad gouge out there," and it has, does, and will get the unwary fliers in trouble.
动词 v.
  1. To make a groove, hole, or mark in by scooping with or as if with a gouge. transitive
    — Japanese and Chinese printers used to gouge characters in wood.
  2. To cheat or impose upon; in particular, to charge an unfairly or unreasonably high price. transitive
    — The company has no competition, so it tends to gouge its customers.
  3. To dig or scoop (something) out with or as if with a gouge; in particular, to use a thumb to push or try to push the eye (of a person) out of its socket. intransitive,transitive
    — The recorded cases in which the constituents of the joint were removed at different times, and those also in which the bones or portions of the bones were gouged away, do not by any means afford satisfactory results.
  4. To use a gouge. intransitive
    — Blocks are alſo pieces of wood belonging to ſhips, in which the ſhivers, or ſheaves, of pullies are placed, and wherein the running ropes go. [...] The blocks are then jambed up edgeways with wedges in a clave, and the ſheave-holes are made in this manner: the length and breadth are firſt gouged out, and holes are bored half way through the block, along the part gouged out, with an augre of the ſize of the ſheave-hole; then the ſheave-hole is gouged and bored on the oppoſite ſide in the ſame manner, ſo as to meet the oppoſite holes.

词形变化

gouges plural gouges present,singular,third-person gouging participle,present gouged participle,past gouged past

词汇关系

衍生词
fault gouge gouge bit antigouging eye-gougingly gougee gouge out gouger gouging price gouging price gouge regouge ungouged

词源

词源 1
From Middle English gouge (“chisel with concave blade; gouge”), from Old French gouge, goi (“gouge”), from Late Latin goia, gubia, gulbia (“chisel; piercer”), borrowed from Gaulish *gulbiā, from Proto-Celtic *gulbā, *gulbi, *gulbīnos (“beak, bill”). The English word is cognate with Italian gorbia, gubbia (“ferrule”), Old Breton golb, Old Irish gulba (“beak”), Portuguese goiva, Scottish Gaelic gilb (“chisel”), Spanish gubia (“chisel, gouge”), Welsh gylf (“beak; pointed instrument”), gylyf (“sickle”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
词源 2
From Middle English gouge (“chisel with concave blade; gouge”), from Old French gouge, goi (“gouge”), from Late Latin goia, gubia, gulbia (“chisel; piercer”), borrowed from Gaulish *gulbiā, from Proto-Celtic *gulbā, *gulbi, *gulbīnos (“beak, bill”). The English word is cognate with Italian gorbia, gubbia (“ferrule”), Old Breton golb, Old Irish gulba (“beak”), Portuguese goiva, Scottish Gaelic gilb (“chisel”), Spanish gubia (“chisel, gouge”), Welsh gylf (“beak; pointed instrument”), gylyf (“sickle”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
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