chum

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A friend; a pal. dated
    — He looked down upon the girl beside him—a daughter of the desert walking across the face of a dead world with a son of the jungle. He smiled at the thought. He wished that he had had a sister, and that she had been like this girl. What a bully chum she would have been!
  2. A mixture of (frequently rancid) fish parts and blood, dumped into the water as groundbait to attract predator fish, such as sharks. Canada,US,uncountable
    — Near-synonym: shark bait
  3. A coarse mould for holding the clay while being worked on a whirler, lathe or manually.
    — ...self-supporting chum within the mould normally of corresponding and almost the same but lesser contour, whereby a space is provided between the chum and mould for the introduction of the powdered material and means for expanding the chum'.
  4. Synonym of chum salmon.
  5. A temporary dwelling used by the nomadic Uralic reindeer herders of northwestern Siberia.
  6. A roommate, especially in a college or university. dated
    — Field had a 'chum,' or room-mate, whose visage was suggestive to the 'Sophs;' it invited experiment; it held out opportunity for their peculiar deviltry.
动词 v.
  1. To share rooms with someone; to live together. intransitive
    — Henry Wotton and John Donne began to be friends when, as boys, they chummed together at Oxford, where Donne had gone at the age of twelve years.
  2. To cast chum into the water to attract fish. ambitransitive
    — He began to chum for sharks, using whale oil and chopped whale meat.
  3. To lodge (somebody) with another person or people. transitive
  4. To make friends; to socialize. intransitive
    — I was not surprised to see somebody sitting aft, on the deck, with his legs dangling over the mud. You see I rather chummed with the few mechanics there were in that station, whom the other pilgrims naturally despised—on account of their imperfect manners, I suppose.
  5. To accompany. Scotland,informal,transitive
    — I'll chum you down to the shops.

词形变化

chums plural choom alternative chums present,singular,third-person chumming participle,present chummed participle,past chummed past choom alternative chums present,singular,third-person chumming participle,present chummed participle,past chummed past chums plural chums plural chums plural

词汇关系

衍生词
bum chum chum in chummage chummery chumming chummo chummy chumocracy chumship chum up dumb chum new chum Spec-chum

词源

词源 1
1675–85; of uncertain origin, possibly from cham, shortening of chambermate, or from comrade. Less likely from Welsh cymrawd (“fellow”), compare brawd (“brother”).
词源 2
Originally American English, from the 1850s. Perhaps from Powhatan.
词源 3
From Chinook Jargon tzum (“spotted, marked”), from Chinook.
词源 4
From Russian чум (čum), from Komi-Zyrian чум (ćum) and/or Udmurt чум (ćum, “tent, shelter”).
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