bruise

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义
英 /bɹuːz/|/bɹɪu̯z/    美 /bɹuːz/|/bɹɪu̯z/

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.
  2. A dark mark on fruit or vegetables caused by a blow to the surface.
动词 v.
  1. To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it; to contuse. transitive
    — It is as I have spoken: the testing first, next the bruising, and in the last bout the breaking and killing.
  2. To damage the skin of (fruit or vegetables), in an analogous way. transitive
  3. Of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises through being handled roughly. intransitive
    — Bananas bruise easily.
  4. To become bruised. intransitive
    — I bruise easily.
  5. To fight with the fists; to box. intransitive
    — Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old English custom.
  6. To harm or injure somebody's feelings or self-esteem. figuratively,transitive
    — Her thoughtless remarks bruised my ego.
  7. To impair (gin) by shaking rather than stirring. transitive

词形变化

bruises present,singular,third-person bruising participle,present bruised participle,past bruised past bruize alternative,obsolete brise alternative,obsolete bruises plural bruize alternative,obsolete brise alternative,obsolete

词汇关系

近义词
contusion
下位词
ecchymosis,
衍生词
bruisability bruisable bruisedness bruiser bruise up bruising unbruised bruiseless bruiselike bruisewort bruisy tobruise

词源

词源 1
From Middle English bruisen, brusen, brosen, brisen, bresen, from a merger two words, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to break”):
* Old English brȳsan, brīesan (“to bruise; crush”), from Proto-Germanic *brausijaną, *brūsijaną (“to break; crumble; crack”). Provided the word's sense.
* Anglo-Norman bruiser, bruser (“to break, smash, shatter”), from Gaulish *brus-, from Proto-Celtic *bruseti (“to break”). Provided the word's form.
Cognate with Scots brizz, German brausen (“to roar; boom; pound”), Old English brosnian (“to crumble, fall apart”), Dutch broos (“brittle”), German Brosame (“crumb”), dialectal Norwegian brøysk (“breakable”), Latin frustum (“bit, scrap”), Old Church Slavonic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “to rake”), Albanian breshër (“hail”).
词源 2
From Middle English bruisen, brusen, brosen, brisen, bresen, from a merger two words, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to break”):
* Old English brȳsan, brīesan (“to bruise; crush”), from Proto-Germanic *brausijaną, *brūsijaną (“to break; crumble; crack”). Provided the word's sense.
* Anglo-Norman bruiser, bruser (“to break, smash, shatter”), from Gaulish *brus-, from Proto-Celtic *bruseti (“to break”). Provided the word's form.
Cognate with Scots brizz, German brausen (“to roar; boom; pound”), Old English brosnian (“to crumble, fall apart”), Dutch broos (“brittle”), German Brosame (“crumb”), dialectal Norwegian brøysk (“breakable”), Latin frustum (“bit, scrap”), Old Church Slavonic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “to rake”), Albanian breshër (“hail”).
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