hull

名词 n. 动词 v.
中文释义

英文释义

名词 n.
  1. The outer covering of a fruit or seed.
  2. The body or frame of a vessel, such as a ship or plane.
    — VVhen you haue berthed or brought her [the ship] vp to the planks, vvhich are thoſe thicke timbers vvhich goeth fore and aft on each ſide, vvhereon doth lie the beames of the firſt Orlop, vvhich is the firſt floore to ſupport the plankes doth couer the Hovvle, thoſe are great croſſe timbers, that keepes the ſhip ſides aſunder, the maine beame is euer next the maine maſt, […]
  3. Any covering.
  4. The smallest set that possesses a particular property (such as convexity) and contains every point of A; slightly more formally, the intersection of all sets which possess the specified property and of which A is a subset.
    — The orthogonal convex hull of an orthogonal polygon is the smallest orthogonally convex polygon that encloses the original polygon.
动词 v.
  1. To remove the outer covering of a fruit or seed.
    — She sat on the back porch hulling peanuts.
  2. To drift; to be carried by the impetus of wind or water on the ship's hull alone, with sails furled. intransitive,obsolete
    — We goe not, but we are carried: as things that flote, now gliding gently, now hulling violently, according as the water is, either stormy or calme.
  3. To hit (a ship) in the hull with cannon fire etc. transitive
    — During this action, we had not a man killed or wounded, although the enemy often hulled us, and once, in particular, a shot coming into one of our ports, dismounted one of our guns between decks […]

词形变化

hulls plural hulls present,singular,third-person hulling participle,present hulled participle,past hulled past hulls plural hulls present,singular,third-person hulling participle,present hulled participle,past hulled past

词汇关系

衍生词
hully soyhull rice hull affine hull ahull convex hull dehull hull breach hull-down hulled hulless hull-less hull loss hull operator hull speed hull splash hull-up invective hull monohull multihull pressure hull tank hull turtle hull twinhull

词源

词源 1
From Middle English hul, hulle, holle (“seed covering, hull of a ship”), from Old English hulu (“seed covering”), from Proto-Germanic *hul-, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide”); or possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”).
Compare Dutch hul (“hood”), German Hülle (“cover, wrap”), Hülse (“hull”); also Old Irish calad, calath (“hard”), Latin callus, callum (“rough skin”), Old Church Slavonic калити (kaliti, “to cool, harden”). For the sense development, compare French coque (“nutshell; ship's hull”), Ancient Greek φάσηλος (phásēlos, “bean pod; yacht”).
词源 2
From Middle English holle, hoole (“hull, hold of a ship, ship”), of uncertain origin. Possibly a variant and special use of Etymology 1 above, conformed to hull. Alternatively, a variant of Middle English hole, hoole, holle (“hiding place, lair, den, shelter, compartment”, literally “hole, hollow”), related to Middle Dutch and Dutch hol (“hole, ship's cargo hold”). More at hole.
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